Method of applying cement hardener and waterproofing to the main body and face of a concrete brick



Patented Sept. 6, 19 27.

CYRUS sjwna'u'or KENDALLVILLE, INDIANA.

METHO or APPLYING .onmnnr A DENER .nunlwnrnnrnoormel To THE {MAIN BODY AND FACE or No Drawing; Application filed iuly 17,

This invention relates to' a'novel process for making cement products such as cement V brick, floor tile, concrete blocks, concrete cement sidewalks, and concrete lawn and garden furniture whereby they will have maximumhardness and will be thoroughly waterproof. To that end, the invention contemplates a process or method involving a series .of

simple, practical steps for treating concrete articles with a waterproofing. compound in v a novel way whereby the resulting. products will have at least 40% greater' strength,

thereby increasing the loadcarrying capacity, life, and durability thereof.

Building boards of the different States require that cement products stand a tensile strength of 1,500 pounds to thesquare inch, andifit is found that bricksjare used wh ch do not respond, to an average compression test of 1,500 pounds they will be rejected and cannot be used for buildingpurposes;

Therefore, it isimportant that the bricks be of maximum hardness 'inorder to be useful and pass the required tests, and furthermore,it is desirable that-the vbricks be made,

in such a way that their exposedisurfaces may be easily ornamented to providesurfaces of different type.

The present method or process maybe carried out in connection with any conven-. ient and available type of apparatus/ac: cording to the type of product "to be made. If cement bricks are "to be manufactured "a cement brick making machine of-the type shown in my former Patent No. 1,443,299 dated, Jan. 28, 1923, for example,'may be used. However, it will, of course, be understood that the invention is not limited to its use in connection with cement bricks or like building elements, as previously indicated. I

In carrying the process into effect, I propose to use two-thirds good'clear sharp'sand and one-third crushed rock or stone to ,be dry mixed with a good grade of Portland cement in the proportion three to one.

A CONCRETE BRICK.

1923. Serial 52,179;

semi-wet state, that is, to a dough-like consistency, in whichit may be readily handled with a shovel orthe like to be placed in the molds of a brick forming machine or the like, for forming'the desired shapes. 7

Y After, the material is mixed in its semiwet' form and placed in the mold it is tamped or pressed into shape and in caseit is' de'sired' to make a brick forfthe inside portion of a wall it may then be used as it is; I-Iow'evier,'if an outside or face; brick is desired, I propose to provide an ornamental outside finish by the following operations. First, I take'my trowel or float and agitate or rub the top of the ,finishedjbrick untilI draw to the surface thereof a sufiicient amount of 'theliquid constituent of the brick, that is, the cement hardener and waterproofing liquid, so that I have asloppy or slurry top coatingor dressing. 7

Second, I place uponi this ,moist top dressing afine coat ofcement and coloring matter, by sitting the same on through a fine sieve. p p

Third, I then rub and float the coat of cement and coloring matter. into the dressing until the vsurfacingmaterial and the main .body of the brick v are thoroughly bonded together by the cement hardener and waterproofing compound drawn fromv the body of the brick by the trowel or float- 1ng operation. If, however, sufficient moisture cannot be developed in that way, I may add additional water, continuing the chemicals previously referred'to, in the form However, sufli'cient mois of a fine spray. ture can usually be worked 'up from the body of the brick to provide the ornamental surfacing, thereby insuring homogeneity for the facing and the body of the brick.

Fourth, I then form'the surface of the brick with the desired. ornamental finish. For example, while thesurface is stiliin plastic form, I may take a steel trowel and form-.the' brick in a marble design; or I may take a wooden float and produce a On the other hand, If

stippled design. may take a comb (wooden or rubber): and

provide acombcut brick'or I can take a wire comb and provide a wire cut facing. Further than that, with different designs of brushes I may make other fancy designs such as stippled and ornamental tapestry.

It will, of course, be understood that in making a cement brick the face as well as log,

an end may bei'inished so as to provide bricks for turning corners While" the remaining faces of the brick may be left in their natural state.

If desired, before removing the finished bricks from the mold" they may be sprayed with additional chemically treated Water so as to insure absorption to the point of saturation with the Waterproofing and hardening compound.

The distinctive features of the present process resides in treating the aggregate material which forms the main body of the brick with Water including lniirdening and waterproofing chemicals; and subsequently placing the semi-Wet material in a mold and working up the moisture from the main body of the brick to the surface tl1ere0fso" as to permit of the surfacing or facing material and coloringn'iatter to be placed on the brick while it is still wet and thus form a thoroughly homogeneous tincture.

The coloringmaterial used is preferably a powdered dye of the desired color, and readily purchasable on the market. And, by using different colors in dyes very pleasing effects may be obtained.

I have found by actual test of my product ofbrick, wherein I have used or applied my herein described process I have added i072] of strength to the concrete brick, which meets the requirementsasked by Statebuilding boards. My brick also meets the re quireu'ients as to the water absorption by the use of the above concrete cement hardener and Waterproofing;

Referringto the test made on four of my bricks at the Monroe L. Patsig Laboratories, Des Moines, Iowa, by G. King, note as follows:

The standard of cement brick for buildings is that the average be L500 pounds and none shall go under 1,000 pounds. From the above results it can be seen that these bricks came well within the requirements of cement brick for building purposes.

From the foregoii'lg it will be apparent that my present method aims to provide a process for making av hardened WEIlIQF-PTTOOf bricki'n which not only the face of the brick is made hard and Water-proof, but the entire body is also made hard and water-proof.

I claim 1. A process forinaltin hard and waterproof cement blocks and the like which con si'sts in mixing a dry aggregate of sand and Portland cen'ient, then mixing the aggregate to a semi-wet state by thoroughly comming rling therewith water containing hardening and Water-proofing chemicals, subsequently placing the semi-wet material in a mold and working" up moisture from the main body of the block to the surface thereof, and then placing on said moisture stir-- face of the block a surface layer of facing); material and coloring matter thereby to form a homogeneous body and facing; structure.

2. A process for making ccment blocks and the like, which consists in making: the aggregate material of Portland cement and sand in a semi-wet state by the addition of water contaiiiing hardei'iilur and watch proofing chemicals, next working: upmoisture from the body of the block to the surface thereof by applying? talnpimjj prcssuie to the surface of the block. and subsequcirtly I applying a facing coat of cement and color ingi matter to the moistened surtace of the block, thereby to unite the surihice and the body of the block and finally finishing the blockby trowelling', floating, or combing the surface thereof.

3. A process for making cement bricks which consists in treating. the a gate material with Water including: her lcnine; and water-proofing chemicals. placing the semiwet material in the mold, next Working up the moisture from the main body of the brick in the mold to the surface therei'if to provide a slurry top coating. then applying;

a coating of cement and coloring matter to form the facing for the brick. adding addi tional Water containing; hardening: chemicals to said facing to insure thorough ai.,;.- orpi.-i n1 and homogeneity between the facing); and the body of the brick, and subsequently iinishing the face of the brick by trou eling. iloalinn or combing.

In testimony whereof I] hereunto aiiix my signature.

CYRUS S. W ERT.

it (i 

